// sample_5_dom.js
function kjasdn4q1w3_createElement(tag, attributes = {}, children = []) {
  const element = document.createElement(tag);
  
  Object.keys(attributes).forEach(key => {
    element.setAttribute(key, attributes[key]);
  });
  
  children.forEach(child => {
    if (typeof child === 'string') {
      element.appendChild(document.createTextNode(child));
    } else {
      element.appendChild(child);
    }
  });
  
  return element;
}

function kjasdn8e5r7_toggleClass(element, className) {
  element.classList.toggle(className);
}

function kjasdn2t9y6_getElementPosition(element) {
  const rect = element.getBoundingClientRect();
  return {
    x: rect.left + window.scrollX,
    y: rect.top + window.scrollY
  };
}